Rocks In Botswana

poorly exposed felsic volcanic rocks in the Groote Laagte Fig. 3 Ldtke et al., 1986 within this unit. For the sake of convenience, here we use the term Kgwebe Formation to refer to all the volcanic rocks in the Northwest Botswana rift. Younger Proterozoic strata within the Northwest Botswana rift comprise clastic and carbonate rocks

The subsurface part of this orogen includes a granitic-gneissic terrain in northern Botswana that records plutonism and amphibolite-grade deformation between 1.2 and 1.1 Ga. Limited exposures of bimodal volcanic rocks in the Kalahari Desert are interpreted to represent extensional magmatism superimposed on the buried Mesoproterozoic belt.

1 INTRODUCTION. In Botswana, Southern Africa, where about 75 per cent of Precambrian basement is overlain by Kalahari group sediments and sedimentary rocks Haddon 2005, seismology can play a significant role in elucidating the nature, extent and history of the various geological units.This is evidenced by the recent improvements in seismic coverage over Botswana.

The youngest unit of the Karoo Supergroup in Botswana comprises volcanic rocks of the Stormberg Basalts. Much of the older Karoo sequence is covered by these relatively flat-lying plateau basalts, formed of lava flows that vary in thickness from less than one metre to several tens of metres. The junctions of individual lava flows are often

The geology of Botswana plays a significant part in the country's economy. The basement rocks of the Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe craton extend into Botswana whilst in the east and southeast, metamorphic rocks of Archaean age are dominant. A younger cover of Karoo rocks and post-Cretaceous Kalahari Group sediments conceal the western margins of these older rocks and largely conceal Proterozoic orogenic

1 MINING Mining refers to the extraction of mineral ores from the ground DISTRIBUTION OF MAJOR ROCK TYPES IN BOTSWANA 1. Sedimentary Rocks They are formed from rock particles and some organic materials deposited by water in rivers, seas, oceans. E.g. coal which is an organically formed sedimentary rock formed from remains of plants and animals buried in swamps and hardened over a long period

The Physical Properties of Aggregate Rocks of Botswana LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 General overview of the geological framework of Botswana Key et al, 2000. 8 Figure 2 The stratigraphic sequence of Ghanzi Ridge with Kgwebe Formation at the base, and directly overlain by Ghanzi Group Modie B. , 1996. 10

Mineralization in Botswana Botswana is renowned for its mineral wealth, particularly in diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, gold, and soda ash. Below is an overview of the key mineral deposits 1

The old est rocks are exposed in eastern Botswana where three Archaean terranes are recognised the western parts of the Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe Cratons and the western part of the Limpopo Mobile Belt.

Botswana's geology consists of three main units the Archean cratons, the Proterozoic units and the Phanerozoic cover Carney et al. 1994 Fig. 1.4. Most rock units in Botswana are exposed in the country's eastern quarter and along the Ghanzi-Chobe Ridge in the northwestern region. The rest is largely covered by Cenozoic sediments.