Sonar Convergence Zone

The convergence zone is an important feature of the underwater acoustic environment effect, which is widely used in deep the uncertainty of sonar detection caused by ship-radiated noise they established the uncertainty model for an underwater acoustic environment by using Bayesian theory, and analyzed

Sonar transducers normally, but not always, generate or receive sound through a process of converting electric energy. They usually consist of arrays of individual transducer convergence zone CZ propagation. 2 and 3. The ANSQS-26 sonar system was a U.S. Navy

Sonar Propagation By virtue of the fact that the speed that acoustic waves travel at depends on the properties of the medium i.e. sea water, the propagation of sonar will be complicated. Convergence zone. The convergence zone tends to be at large distances, typically 20-30 nm from the source. It is possible to have multiple convergence

SONAR Definition Sonar originally an acronym for sound navigation and ranging is a technique that uses sound called a convergence zone CZ. This CZ forms an annulus. about the sonar. The distance and width of the CZ depends on the temperature and salinity of the water. In the North Atlantic, for example, CZs are found

In the convergence zone, sonar can detect underwater targets effectively. Assuming that the ocean surface water temperature increases from 15 degrees Celsius to 30 convergence zone and the second convergence zone change with the changing mixing layer thickness as shown in the Fig. 5. Advances in Engineering Research, volume 154 212.

8.6.3 Convergence Zone. In the deep ocean, temperature usually decreases with depth to approximately 1,000 meters. Deeper than this, temperature is a constant 4oC and sound speed increases as a result of pressure. Note that the sonar with the higher figure of merit permits the use of sound paths bottom bounce and convergence zone not

In the first convergence zone, as the receiving depth increases, the arrival structure tends to become complicated, and the multipath effect becomes more obvious. The study result is meaningful for the performance analysis of sonar in complex deep-water environments. References 1 Hale F E. 1961. Long-Range Sound Propagation in the Deep

Oceanic acoustic convergence is a typical acoustic propagation phenomenon in the marine environment. Under this condition, sonar can usually achieve long-range target detection. This paper mainly focuses on how to accurately assess the sonar detection ability under the phenomenon of acoustic convergence. Combining the acoustic propagation model with the sonar target detection theory, a

A convergence-zone-range slide rule TACAID 6-10 was developed in 1973 by the Naval Underwater Systems Center based on an analysis of oceanographic data performed by E.M. Podeszwa, but this slide rule could only be used in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans, and the Mediterranean, Norwegian, and Caribbean seas to determine CZ ranges

Fig 6 shows a plot of convergence zone formation with the bathy from Fig 5. Figure 6. Deep water sound ray paths showing convergence zones. For a sonar operating at 15 kHz the loss is 2dB per km. So at 16km there will be a 32dB loss in addition to the 84dB spreading loss.